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The two children portrayed here were the children of the Grand Duke of Tuscany, Leopold of Habsburg - who became Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire in 1790 - and Maria Luisa of Bourbon, daughter of Charles III. This commission might have come from the Spanish monarch, who wanted a portrait of his grandchildren, painted in Florence in 1770. Ferdinand (1769-1824), standing, is playing with the chain of the Order of the Golden Fleece on his chest, showing it to the viewer, while his sister (1770-1809), sitting on a chair-throne, is holding an ivory ring in her right hand.
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